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60 / 168 and 190 / 672 — the Part 117 Cumulative Caps

Daily limits say nothing about your month. §117.23 adds four rolling ceilings, and §117.23(a) makes them span every certificate holder you fly for.

The four numbers

What	Limit	Window
Flight duty period hours (§117.23(c)(1))	60 h	any 168 consecutive hours (7 days)
Flight duty period hours (§117.23(c)(2))	190 h	any 672 consecutive hours (28 days)
Flight time (§117.23(b)(1))	100 h	any 672 consecutive hours
Flight time (§117.23(b)(2))	1,000 h	any 365 consecutive calendar days

Why "any" matters more than the number

These are rolling windows, not calendar weeks or months. Working six 12-hour FDPs Sunday-to-Friday can put you over 60 before your official "week" resets — the 168-hour window slides with every hour you log.

Second jobs count

§117.23(a): the limits include all flying on behalf of any certificate holder or 91K Program Manager. Flight instructing, part-91 corporate flying, or a weekend gig at another 121 carrier all burn the same 60 and 190.

Extensions and the caps

A pre-takeoff §117.19(a) extension may not cause you to exceed the cumulative FDP caps.
A post-takeoff extension (§117.19(b), §117.11(b)) may exceed them — but only to the extent needed to land safely, and the company must report it to the FAA within 10 days.
The same logic applies to government-sponsored / emergency operations under §117.29.

The FDP caps count periods, not flight hours: a 9-hour FDP with 3 hours of flying burns 9 FDP hours and 3 flight hours. Track both — you can hit one cap weeks before the other.

Run the cumulative math automatically in the free Part 117 calculator.

Verified against eCFR 14 CFR 117.23, 117.19, 117.29. Educational only.